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The Role of Defoamer in Common Softening Problems in Printing and Dyeing Production

Jan 13, 2021

1. The hydrophilicity of the fabric decreases
Generally, the film structure problems, the lack of water absorption genes after silicone oil film formation, and the sealing of water absorption centers such as hydroxyl group of cellulose fiber, carboxyl group and amino group of wool cause the decrease of water absorption.
Treatment method: anionic, nonionic film and hydrophilic silicone oil should be selected as far as possible.

2. Dark spots
The causes are as follows
The oil stain on the fabric is not removed during pretreatment, and the color of the oil stain is dark during dyeing.
Foam in dyeing bath, foam and flower sweater, dye and other mixtures on the fabric.
Defoamer floating oil causes dark oil spots.
The tarry fabric in the VAT is on the fabric.
The dye agglutinates to form dark spots under different conditions.
The reason is that too much calcium and magnesium ions in water combine with dyes and stick to fabrics.

Treatment method:
In the pretreatment, deoiling agent was added for scouring.
Low foam and non foam auxiliaries are used as dyeing auxiliaries.
The antifoaming agent should be the one that is not easy to float oil, the chelating agent should be added to improve the water quality, and the solubilizing dispersant should be added to prevent the dye agglutination. Clean the cylinder with cleaning agent in time.

3. Light spots
The causes are as follows
The pretreatment is not uniform, some parts of the wool effect is not good, resulting in a certain degree of dye repellent, with dye repellent substances. There are calcium soap, magnesium soap, etc. or uneven mercerization on the cloth during pretreatment.
The drying of semi-finished products is uneven.
The cloth surface is stained with insoluble sodium sulfate, soda and other solids.
Drizzle the dye before drying.
The auxiliary stains in the finishing of dyes such as softening treatment.
Treatment method: strengthen the pretreatment, the selection of pretreatment additives must not easily form calcium magnesium soap, the pretreatment must be uniform and thorough (this is related to the selection of scouring agent, penetrant, chelating dispersant, mercerizing penetrant, etc.). Sodium sulfate and soda must be put into the cylinder well and the production management must be strengthened.

4. Alkali spots
Causes: after pretreatment (such as bleaching and mercerizing), the alkali removal is not clean or uniform, resulting in alkali spots.
Treatment method: it is necessary to strengthen the alkali removal process in the pretreatment process.

5. Silicone oil stains
Causes: the pH value of cloth surface is not neutral, especially with alkali, resulting in silicone oil demulsification floating oil. The water quality of the treatment bath is too poor, the hardness is too high, and the silicone oil is easy to float in the water with hardness > 150ppm. The quality problems of silicone oil include poor emulsification (poor selection of emulsifier, poor emulsification process, too large emulsifying particles, etc.) and poor shear resistance. The silicone oil with shear resistance, electrolyte resistance and pH change resistance should be selected, but attention should be paid to the use mode and environment of silicone oil, and hydrophilic silicone oil can also be selected.

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